Planting of sugar cane - process flows and write up

Process:
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1) Land Clearing (LC) - felling, stacking, wood packing; removal of vegetation

2) Land Development (LD) - Preparation of main road, in-field road, field shape (leveling), filled up swap/dams

3)Land Preparation (LP) -Plow 1/Harrow 1, Plow 2/Harrow 2 and Ridging (Furrowing)

4)(a) Liming with Dolomite (pH, calcium, magnesium)
(b) Basal (Urea : TSP : KCl)

5) Planting

6) Irrigation, if necessary

7) Pre-Emergency - agrochemical to kill young weed at a very young stage using agrochemicals.

8) Replacement (Sulam)

9) Post Emergence - agrochemical to kill weeds after pre-emergence effects worn off, or "breaks". Post 1 & Post 2

10) Manual weeding, if necessary


Process write-up
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a. LC/LD

LC is the removal of vegetation
LD to follow in not more than 1 month before the bushed started to grow up hindering the plowing

b. LP - plowing/harrowing

plowing is the loosening of soil, bringing up the sub-soil to the top
harrowing is the cutting of the stool remained and breaking-up the soil crumbs

Plow 1 to be followed b Harrow 1 immediately

Moisture of soil is critical - if too wet, the soil will stick together, too dry
will not shatter the crumbs

If no lalang and new variety - can be followed by plow 2 & harrow 2

if lalang is present and good weather with strong sunlight - 2 weeks, otherwise 4 weeks

If time is of essence, additional plow/harrow - 3 plow + 3 harrow

c) Planting - to be carried out during the wet season, otherwise irrigation

d) Pre-Emergence - most people don't understand importance of pre-emergence; to spray agrochemical on a barren land where there's no sign of weed. Pre-emergence will give the cane 4-6 weeks start to compete with the weeds

e) Post Emergence to applied when the Pre-Emergence break down.

f) Another round of fertilizer of Urea & KCl - called "Top"

g) If Pre-emergence and Post-emergence is properly applied, the cane will have grow properly to form canopy to block the sunlight to the weed. Other wise another round of Post-Emergence and manual weeding, if necessary

h) special : cross - pre-Emergence before fertilizer in wet season when weed spread due to breakdown of pre-E by rain

monitoring of planting activity after harvesting
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Time Schedule

Day 1 - burning of cane for harvesting
Day 2 - Harvesting
Day 4 - Trash Burning
Day 5 - plowing/harrowing

up to 4 weeks waiting


Day 33 - 2nd plow/harrow/ridging
Day 35 - planting

Field is schedule to be replanted 35 days maximum after harvesting

example 30/6 report

Hectare cut for replanting : 1258
Ha replanted : 625
Balance replanting : 1258 - 625 = 633 ha

Ha planted for June 418 ha , ie 418/30 = 14 ha/day

Balance area to be completed 633/12 = 45 days which will be too long. Replanting capacity need to be increase to 18ha per day so that balance can be finished in 633/18 = 35 days